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Applied Linguistics 1995 16(3):273-306; doi:10.1093/applin/16.3.273
© 1995 by Oxford University Press
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Adding Abstract to Formal and Content Schemata: Results of Recent Work in Peircean Semiotics

JOHN W OLLER, JR

University of New Mexico

Content and formal discourse schemata are derived respectively from perceptual (abductive) and indexical (inductive) strategies of inference, but a third kind of schema referred to as abstract is hypothesized here for the first time and is shown to be based on deductive generalizations All three kinds of schemata are examined in relation to active interpretations of photographs, audio-visual discourse, and written text It is argued by the Peircean method of exact logic that comprehension, language acquisition, and language use are absolutely dependent on true narrative representations The latter are explained and differentiated from fictions, errors, and lies and shown to be the only basis for determining the meaning of any representation of any kind Implications for literacy, language acquisition, and teaching are considered Empirical studies confirm that abstract schemata are more powerful owing to their greater generality than formal schemata which in turn are superior to content schemata(ceteris paribus)


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